Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses controlled heat to create a precise lesion on small sensory nerves responsible for transmitting chronic pain signals, most commonly the medial branch nerves of the spine’s facet joints. It is typically considered after a diagnostic nerve block (such as a medial branch block) has confirmed that a specific nerve or joint is the source of pain. RFA does not permanently destroy the nerve; over time it regenerates, and the procedure can be safely repeated if pain returns.

Using real-time fluoroscopic (live X-ray) guidance, a specialized needle electrode is positioned next to the target nerve, and radiofrequency energy heats the surrounding tissue to disrupt its ability to carry pain signals. The lesioning itself typically lasts 60-90 seconds per nerve, and the full appointment usually takes 30-45 minutes under local anesthesia, with light sedation available. Patients are briefly monitored afterward before going home the same day.

Back Pain • Neck Pain • Joint Pain • SI Joint Pain & Sciatica

Mild soreness around the treatment site is common for a few days, and some patients notice a temporary increase in pain (neuritis) during the first 1-2 weeks that resolves on its own. Meaningful relief typically builds over 2-4 weeks as inflammation settles, and many appropriately selected patients experience 6-12 months of relief, sometimes longer, with the option to repeat the procedure if pain gradually returns.